Addition & Subtraction
Pupils extend their understanding of the language of addition and subtraction to include sum and difference.
Pupils practise addition and subtraction to 20 to become increasingly fluent in deriving facts such as using 3 + 7 = 10; 10 - 7 = 3 and 7 = 10 - 3 to calculate
30 + 70 = 100; 100 - 70 = 30 and 70 = 100 - 30. They check their calculations, including by adding to check subtraction and adding numbers in a different order to check addition (for example, 5 + 2 + 1 = 1 + 5 + 2 = 1 + 2 + 5). This establishes commutativity and associativity of addition.
Recording addition and subtraction in columns supports place value and prepares for formal written methods with larger numbers.
Outcomes
- Solve problems with addition and subtraction:
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Recall and use addition and subtraction facts to 20 fluently, and derive and use related facts up to 100
Examples
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Add and subtract numbers using concrete objects, pictorial representations, and mentally, including:
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A two-digit number and ones
Play Activities 166Examples
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A two-digit number and tens
Examples
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Two two-digit numbers
Examples
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Adding three one-digit numbers
Examples
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A two-digit number and ones
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Show that addition of two numbers can be done in any order (commutative) and subtraction of one number from another cannot
Examples
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Recognise and use the inverse relationship between addition and subtraction and use this to check calculations and solve missing number problems
Play Activities 222Examples